![]() ![]() The metrology organization only has limited authority for small purchases all others must go through the corporate purchasing department, which is not part of the QMS. In the case of Mythical True Value Metrology, purchasing is an example of that. In some cases, such as the case of the example QM, the scope of the QMS is so tightly defined that functions normally part of the QMS are actually performed by organizational departments that are outside the defined QMS. Therefore, revision control should appropriately be at the document level and not the “page” level, because “pages” may not exist. If the document is saved as a binary object in a database, random sections could be extracted and displayed in any format. ![]() If the document is saved as an HTML file (for use on a web page), then it could potentially be one continuous scrolling screen with no page breaks. Everywhere else in the world it would normally be prepared for A4 paper (210 x 297 mm), which would change where page divisions occur. The example QM was prepared in the United States using Writer, and assuming US standard letter size paper (216 x 279 mm). Also, the concept of “page” varies with the publication format. By the nature of electronic documents, if a single character anywhere in it is changed, then the entire document is changed. ![]() In this example case, the entire QM is a single document. There is also no requirement for page-level control in the ISO 9000 system. With an electronic document, such as this one, there is no need for old-fashioned page-level revision control. Typed names and graphic images cannot do either – and neither can ink on paper. A digital signature, then, proves that neither the signature or the document is forged or altered. Second, it authenticates the document, since if any part of the document has been changed since it was signed, the verification will fail. First, it authenticates the person who signed the document, since only that person has the private key. The signature can be verified by anyone who has the signer's public key. In use as a signature, a document is “signed” using the signers private key. A digital signature created using this method has two parts: a “private” key known only to the user, and a “public” key available to the world. Alternative names are public-key cryptography or RSA encryption (which is defined in the QM). A true digital signature, using a computer method called public-key encryption, is a code that becomes invisibly embedded in the document. ![]() A digital signature is not a typed version of the person's name, nor is it an image of a person's signature. The example manual does not actually have a digital signature, but one could easily be applied. On the cover page of the QM you will see a reference to a digital signature. ![]()
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